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Classification and quantification of excavated soil and construction sludge: A case study in Wenzhou, China

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期页码 202-213 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0795-8

摘要： With rapid urbanization in China, a large amount of excavated soil and construction sludge is being generated from geotechnical and underground engineering. For sustainable management of these construction wastes, it is essential to quantify their production first. The present study has attempted to classify the excavated soil and construction sludge according to their composition and geotechnical properties (particle size, water content, plasticity index). Based on these classifications, a new approach was proposed to quantify the production. The said approach was based on multi-source information, such as the urban topographic map, geological survey reports, urban master plan, and remote sensing images. A case study in Wenzhou city of China was also pursued to illustrate the validity of the newly developed approach. The research showed that in 2021–2025, the total excavated soils and construction sludge production in Wenzhou would reach 107.5 × 10⁶ and 81.7 × 10⁶ m³, respectively. Furthermore, the excavated soil was classified into the miscellaneous fill, crust clay, muddy clay and mud with silty sand. Likewise, the construction sludge was classified as liquid sludge and paste-like sludge. The classification and quantification can serve as guidance for disposal and recycling, thereby leading to high-level management of waste disposal.

关键词： excavated soil construction sludge geotechnical and underground engineering production classification

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Independent cover meshless particle method for complex geotechnical engineering

Jianqiu WU, Yongchang CAI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第4期页码 515-526 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0428-4

摘要： A new Independent Cover Meshless Particle (ICMP) method is proposed for the analysis of complex geotechnical engineering. In the ICMP method, the independent rectangular cover regardless of the shape of the analysis model is employed as the influence domain of each discrete node, the general polynomial is employed as the meshless interpolation function of the independent nodal cover, and the Cartesian Transformation Method (CTM) is used for the numerical integration of the nodal covers cut by material interfaces, joints, cracks and faults. The present method has a simple formulation and a low computational cost, and is easy for the numerical analysis and modeling of complex geotechnical engineering. Several typical numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method.

关键词： meshless method particle method independent cover CTM geotechnical engineering

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Consistency Guarantees for Professional Appraisal of Geotechnical Engineering Design under Market Leading

Jian-ye Zheng

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第1期页码 82-85 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015012

摘要： Peer review is central to the process of modern engineering. Open peer review gives the impression that decisions are arrived at in a fair and meritocratic manner with an objective, reliable, consistent process. It is responsible for identifying methodological flaws and for improving the quality. Assistance from somebody in the same discipline is valuable. Clients refer to reviewers as referees since they help to determine the fate of a design. The client sets up a hanging committee to carry out open peer review to decide whether a piece of work should be accepted, revised or rejected. Reviewers in similar specialties make up a professional group. In an open peer review refereeing a retaining and protection structure design of building foundation pit excavation, an outside expert as an assessor, might master the art of review to pay attention to guarantee consistency of processes and outcomes.

关键词： peer review foundation pit excavation retaining and protection structure design introduction

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Multiscale stochastic finite element method on random field modeling of geotechnical problems – a fast

Xi F. XU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 107-113 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0268-4

摘要： The Green-function-based multiscale stochastic finite element method (MSFEM) has been formulated based on the stochastic variational principle. In this study a fast computing procedure based on the MSFEM is developed to solve random field geotechnical problems with a typical coefficient of variance less than 1. A unique fast computing advantage of the procedure enables computation performed only on those locations of interest, therefore saving a lot of computation. The numerical example on soil settlement shows that the procedure achieves significant computing efficiency compared with Monte Carlo method.

关键词： multiscale finite element settlement perturbation random field geotechnical

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地下工程风险评估准则分析与研究

姚宣德,王梦恕

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第7期页码 86-91

摘要：

结合地下工程的特点，建设性地提出了地下工程风险评估准则，其成果成功地应用于北京市城市地下道路系统规划设计的研究中。

关键词：地下工程风险评估准则

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地下工程新技术的实践

马洪琪

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第11期页码 37-41

摘要：

广蓄电站高压岔管的P. D值达5.8×10^４kN·m，未采用常规的钢岔管，在钢筋混凝土岔管设计原则上，主要依靠围岩承担水压力。施工中从控制爆破、混凝土质量、高压灌浆等方面实现设计意图。这种结构安全可靠，投资省，效益好。广蓄斜井引进了一套间断式的斜井滑模，经改进和完善，获得了成功。在天荒坪抽水蓄能电站长斜井施工中，研制了自主知识产权的XHM-7型斜井滑模设备，实现了斜井混凝土衬砌的连续滑升，显示了该设备结构新颖、安全可靠、速度快、造价低的优势。以上两项新技术的成功实践，为我国类似工程的推广和应用提供了有益的经验。

关键词：水电地下工程岔管斜井新技术

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有限元极限分析法发展及其在岩土工程中的应用

郑颖人,赵尚毅,邓楚键,刘明维,唐晓松,张黎明

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第12期页码 39-61

摘要：

有限元极限分析法兼有数值分析法与经典极限分析法两者的优点，特别适用于岩土工程的分析与设计。20世纪初，国内岩土工程界应用国际上通用程序，大力发展有限元极限分析法并拓宽其在岩土工程中的应用。在基本理论研究、提高计算精度、拓宽应用范围及工程实际应用等方面取得了很大成绩。重点介绍作者及其合作者的一些研究成果。主要包括岩土工程安全系数定义、方法原理、整体失稳判据、强度准则的推导、选用及提高计算精度等方面的研究。应用范围从二维扩大到三维，从均质土坡、土基扩大到有节理的岩质边坡与岩基，从稳定渗流扩大到不稳定渗流、从边坡与地基工程扩大到隧道、还用于寻找边（滑）坡中的多个潜在滑面，进行岩土与结构共同作用的支挡结构设计，计算机仿真地基承载板载荷试验等应用项目，以逐渐达到革新岩土工程设计方法的目的。

关键词：极限分析法有限元法岩土工程边坡地基隧道

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中国隧道及地下工程修建技术

王梦恕,谭忠盛

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第12期页码 4-10

摘要：

主要介绍了我国隧道与地下工程的设计理论及方法、钻爆法隧道施工技术、盾构隧道施工技术和TBM（tunnel boring machine）施工技术等。指出了我国隧道及地下工程今后研究的方向：大埋深特长隧道的修建技术，城市地下空间规划，隧道及地下工程的动态设计以及降低工程造价的方法等。

关键词：隧道地下工程设计理论钻爆法盾构与TBM法

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Technology Development and Engineering Practice for Protection and Utilization of Water Resources in

Da-zhao Gu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第1期页码 59-66 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016010

摘要： Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, and Gansu (hereafter generally referred as “the Western Area”) are major coal-producing areas in China due to rich coal resources and good mining conditions. However, the Western Area has a serious water shortage. The surface evaporation is huge and a great amount of mine water generated in coal mining is evaporated and lost after discharging to surface. In order to protect and utilize the water resources during large-scale coal mining in the Western Area, Shenhua Group has put forward a technological idea to store mine water in underground mined areas and successfully researched and developed the coal mine underground reservoir technology by solving the technical difficulties of water source prediction, reservoir site selection, reservoir capacity design, dam construction, safety guarantee, water quality control and so on through 20 years of exploration. Now Shenhua Group has successfully established a batch of reservoir in the Shendong Mining Area, obtaining great economic and social benefits. The technology is also extended to other western mining areas, providing an effective path for harmonic mining of coal and water resources in western China.

关键词： Western Mining Area coal mining water resources coal mine underground reservoirs

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极低频探地工程——无线电磁法

陆建勋, 卓贤军, 刘勇, 赵国泽, 底青云

《工程（英文）》 2022年第10卷第3期页码 13-20 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.12.003

关键词：工程成就

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Design of a shaking table test box for a subway station structure in soft soil

YANG Linde, ZHENG Yonglai, ZHANG Dongliang, JI Qianqian, YANG Chao

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 194-197 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0022-2

摘要： A reasonable choice of structure of a model box is significant for a shaking table test to be successful in geotechnical engineering. A model box has been designed for the shaking table test of a subway station structure in the soft soil of Shanghai in the paper. The reasonable geometric similarity scale of the subway station structure has been determined by a 3-D dynamic analysis under the action of lateral equivalent static loading. The shape, size and structure of the model box are chosen by considering all the involved factors comprehensively. The shape of the box is similar to that of a typical station structure, and the ratio between the plane dimension of the model ground and that of the model structure is big enough to reduce the influence of boundary condition effectively. The structure is strong enough to avoid being demolished by shaking during a test. The contact conditions between the model soil and box are clear to help the data gained from the test well fit that from numerical analysis. The total weight of the model soil and box is less than the bearing capacity of the shaking table apparatus and there is no resonance between the model soil and box. The results show that the model box can be used to simulate the dynamic response of a subway station structure very well, so it provides a firm foundation for the success of the shaking table test of a subway station structure.

关键词： geotechnical engineering numerical analysis weight dynamic analysis Shanghai

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城市明挖地下工程开发环境效应研究现状及趋势

朱亦弘,徐日庆,龚晓南

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第6期页码 111-115 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.016

摘要：

随着城市地下空间开发规模不断增大，城市地下空间开发的主要矛盾从基坑自身稳定问题逐渐转向基坑周边环境变形控制问题。周边环境复杂情况下的地下空间开发极易引起地表不均匀沉降，建筑物开裂，造成巨大的经济损失。因此需要系统性地研究城市各类明挖基坑开发形式所带来的环境影响及环境效应控制技术。本文介绍和回顾了统计经验法、数值模拟法、模型试验法在明挖基坑引起的环境效应研究中取得的研究成果，总结了各类研究方法及成果的优势和不足。介绍了现有环境控制技术及应用案例，总结了地下空间开发环境效应研究成果，并对今后研究方向提出了建议。

关键词：地下工程明挖基坑环境效应变形控制

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我国大直径钻井技术装备发展的挑战与思考

刘志强,陈湘生,蔡美峰,纪洪广,宋朝阳

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第2期页码 132-139 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.02.018

摘要：

“向地下要资源、要空间”是解决人类面临的能源、资源和生存空间基本问题的有效途径。井筒是从地面进入地层中的咽喉工程，其安全、高效、绿色、智能化建设是保障地下矿产资源开采和地下空间开发利用的必由之路。本文分析了发展大直径钻井技术装备的需求和必要性，对比分析了国内外相关装备的发展现状；从基础科学问题研究、应用技术研发、高端装备制造、工程示范等角度，剖析了我国钻井技术装备发展面临的挑战，提出了井筒建设技术与装备的发展方向。研究建议：确立智能钻井发展理念，明确智能钻井发展路径与任务，建立和完善大直径钻井相关标准规范，推动智能钻井平台与示范工程建设，以期为矿山、水电、交通、城市建设等领域井筒建设技术发展提供支撑。

关键词：地下工程，井筒建设，矿产开采，地下空间利用钻井技术装备

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极低频探地（WEM）工程

卓贤军,陆建勋,赵国泽,底青云

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第9期页码 42-50

摘要：

“极低频探地（WEM）工程”是国家发展和改革委员会批准的“十一五”国家重大科学技术基础设施建设项目之一，用于资源探测和地震预测及其他前沿科学研究。文章对工程项目背景、建设内容、关键技术和试验成果作了全面介绍，在此基础上，对工程的应用前景作了展望。

关键词： WEM法资源探测地震预测

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深圳“12·20”渣土场灾难滑坡成灾机理与岩土工程风险控制研究 Artical

殷跃平,李滨,王文沛,詹良通,薛强,高杨,张楠,陈红旗,刘天奎,李爱国

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第2期页码 230-249 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.02.005

摘要：

2015 年12 月 20 日，广东省深圳市光明新区建筑渣土场发生滑坡，造成77人遇难、33栋建筑物被毁。现场勘察、无人机3D摄影测量、多期遥感影像动态分析表明，该滑坡源区滑带倾角仅4°，滑程长达1100 m，最大堆积宽度为630 m，体积约为2.73 × 106 m³，是目前世界上最大的渣土场滑坡。自2014 年3 月开始建设渣土场以来，堆填体积逐级增加、坡型不断变化，滑坡边界条件和水文特性具有不确定性。本文提出了多级建模方法以研究不同堆填阶段下坡体结构的变化特征，采用非稳定流理论模拟了地下水渗流场的演化特征。分析表明，渣土场可以划分为具有低含水率的前缘边坡和具有高含水率( 含底部积水) 的后缘渣土堆填体两个亚区。这种特殊的二元结构带来了两种效应：第一，地表水入渗，后缘渣土堆填的地表水入渗位置随填土的增高而逐渐抬升，导致了前缘坡体超孔隙水压力水头逐渐增大；第二，固结渗流，在后缘渣土堆填区上部的渣土堆载导致下部饱水渣土体产生超静孔压，形成底部饱水软弱滑带，并促使地下水逐渐向前缘坡体渗流。两种效应的叠加导致了坡体稳定性降低，引发了前缘的液化失稳，最终导致了整体滑动。通过静力触探、大型三轴和环剪试验获得了滑坡的土动力学参数，对远程滑动的成灾过程的模拟表明，滑体运动的最大速度约为29.8 m·s^–1，最大堆积厚度约为23 m，滑坡主体滑动时间约为130 s，视摩擦角为6°。最后，对比分析了全球近期发生的多起渣土场滑坡灾难，从技术上看，这些风险大多是可预见的，但是，由于非技术原因往往未被预见到，因此，需要加强城镇化岩土工程的技术和非技术风险的管控。

关键词：建筑渣土渣土场滑坡安全系数岩土工程风险